• Variety selection

At present, the Brussels sprouts cultivated in my country are mainly varieties introduced from abroad. According to the planting site, soil, climate environment and other conditions, select Brussels sprout varieties with strong stress resistance, lodging resistance, strong heads, high yield and different maturity stages. . Commonly used varieties include early-maturing type, Masuda Pancake (medium-maturing type), Dorabank (late-maturing type), Wang Ziji (high-growing type), etc.

• Sowing and raising seedlings

(1) Sowing period

The sowing of Brussels sprouts can refer to cabbage, which is usually sown from late July to late August every year.

(2)Seedbed layout

The hot and rainy weather in summer has a greater impact on Brussels sprouts seedlings. The seedbed should be placed in a ventilated and shaded greenhouse or greenhouse. The substrate can be prepared with a ratio of peat and vermiculite of 2:1, and an appropriate amount of urea and phosphoric acid can be added. Potassium dihydrogen, mix well and put it into a plug tray or sprinkle it on the seedbed.

(3) Methods of sowing and raising seedlings

The purity of Brussels sprout seeds used for seedling breeding should not be less than 98%, the transparency should not be less than 99%, the germination rate should not be less than 95%, and the moisture content should not be higher than 7%. When we use plug trays to raise seedlings, 1-2 seeds can be sown in each hole, covering the substrate thickness with 0.5-1 cm. Spray water into the seedling tray so that the water seeps out from the bottom hole of the seedling tray. When we use seedbeds to raise seedlings, we should choose a plot with good ventilation and convenient drainage and irrigation. The amount of seed used per acre is about 15 grams, and the sowing area is about 4 square meters. After sowing, cover with shallow soil and keep it moist. .

(4) Seedling management

After sowing and before emergence, sunshade nets should be covered to effectively avoid sunlight. If you encounter continuous rainy weather, remove the sunshade net in time to maintain constant temperature and humidity in the seedbed. The average temperature is best within 25 degrees. After the seedlings are planted, it is advisable to water them once every 1-3 days. Watering time should be done before 9:00 or after 17:00. After the plant grows three leaves and one heart, it is advisable to spray water on the leaves 1-2 times. yeast.

• timely planting

In view of the large demand for fertilizers by Brussels sprouts, before planting, 2000-3000 kilograms of decomposed organic fertilizer and 50 kilograms of compound fertilizer can be applied per mu of land as base fertilizer. Ridge height 25 cm. The planting density of Brussels sprouts needs to be determined according to the variety, cultivation season and region. When planting dwarf and early-maturing varieties in northern areas, they can be planted in double rows with a row spacing of 35 to 40 cm. One acre of land requires 2,500-3,000 saplings. In the Yangtze River Basin, medium-late maturing and high-yielding varieties are mostly planted in single rows. The border width is 1.2 meters and the distance between plants is 40-50 cm. Approximately 1,200 plants can be grown per acre. When planting, try to bring as much soil as possible and fill it with enough planting water. In early spring in the north, mulch can be covered after planting to help the plants survive.

• Post-colonization management

(1) Water and fertilizer management

After Brussels sprouts are successfully planted, they need to be watered in time, cultivated for 5-7 days, and then watered sparingly and frequently. On the one hand, it can maintain soil moisture, on the other hand, it can reduce the ground temperature. Watering must be carried out at 11 am and ended before this point. During this period, combined with watering, fertilizer can be applied 2-3 times, mainly nitrogen fertilizer. After each top dressing, the soil should be built up to prevent the seedlings from lodging. At the end of September, the basic principle of soil moisture is dry and wet. In October, the seedling stage ends and enters the bulb stage. The soil moisture must be maintained to meet the growth needs of the bulb leaves.

(2)Temperature management

Brussel sprouts naturally prefer cooler climates. From mid-September to early November, plants will enter their most vigorous growth period. The temperature remains at 20-26 degrees during the day and 10-15 degrees at night. In late October, when the night temperature is below 5 degrees, it needs to be covered. From mid-November to mid-February, when winter enters, the lower bud bulbs begin to form. The temperature requirements during the bulb stage are relatively low, with the daytime temperature being 20 degrees and the nighttime temperature being around 5 degrees. In winter, solar greenhouses need to remove thatch early and cover it late to maximize the time for plants to see light. In spring, ventilation should be strengthened and efforts should be made to create environmental conditions suitable for the growth of Brussels sprouts.

(3) Pruning and leaf thinning

When leaf balls form in the middle of the plant stem, the old and yellow leaves in the lower parts need to be removed promptly to facilitate ventilation and light transmission and promote the growth and development of small leaf balls. As the lower bud ball gradually expands, we also need to remove the petiole on one side of the bud ball from the base to prevent the petiole from squeezing the leaf ball and deforming the bud ball. Leaf harvesting should be done in batches, with thousands of leaves picked at a time. Do not use more than 6 pieces, usually divided into 3-4 times, to prevent the loss of nutrients during the healing of the leaf harvesting wound and affect the growth of the plant. In addition, loose leaf balls should be removed to reduce unnecessary nutrient consumption. At the same time, the terminal buds need to be removed according to specific circumstances, which can promote the expansion and early maturity of the lower leaf bulbs. Let’s take early parenting as an example. Topping can be done at the end of November every year. Stem height 40-45 cm. The suitable height of a single plant is 15-20 balls.

• timely harvest

We can harvest the sprout bulbs when they are fairly firm. When harvesting, you can use a knife to cut crosswise from the base of the bud bulb, remove the outer leaves of the bud bulb, and expose the light yellow bud bulb, which can be put on the market. The harvesting period of Brussels sprouts can last 2-3 months. Each plant can harvest more than 40 buds, and the yield per acre can reach 800-1000 kilograms. For early-maturing varieties, they should be harvested in sequence from top to bottom and in time to promote plant growth; for late-maturing varieties, they can be harvested from top to bottom at the same time.